252 - Memory in a Social Context

Memory in a Social Context: Brain, Mind, and Society 1st ed. 2017 Edition by Takashi Tsukiura, Satoshi Umeda

This book explores new points of view of human memory in the link among mind, brain, and society.

Research of human memory traditionally has been in the field of experimental psychology, and a number of psychological researchers have come upon important findings regarding human memory. They have provided critical theories to explain human memory processes, but this approach is hitting a brick wall.

The experimental psychological approach or laboratory-based approach to human memory functions is examined in a very controlled environment, but the evidence obtained from this approach may not necessarily reflect real-life events in our mind. In addition, findings from experimental psychology have often ignored the link with biological structures, or the brain. One solution is a cognitive neuroscience approach, in which functional neuroimaging techniques have enabled us to view how memory processes are represented in the brain.

In addition, the new approach extends the traditional concept of human memory into a wider framework by reconsidering memory functions in a social context. These advanced approaches help us to understand how “social memory” is represented in the human brain and is processed in real-life situations.

The work reported in this volume is at the forefront of cognitive neuroscience in the research of human memory in a social context and the potential application of memory research. This book will help to motivate young scientists and graduate and undergraduate students in psychology and neuroscience.

2017 | ISBN: 9784431565895 |  ID - 252

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421 - Social DNA: Rethinking Our Evolutionary Past by M. Kay Martin

What set our ancestors off on a separate evolutionary trajectory was the ability to flex their reproductive and social strategies in response to changing environmental conditions. Exploring new cross-disciplinary research that links this capacity to critical changes in the organization of the primate brain, Social DNA presents a new synthesis of ideas on human social origins - challenging models that trace our beginnings to traits shaped by ancient hunting economies, or to genetic platforms shared with contemporary apes.

"This book makes tremendous efforts to get away from typical prejudices about human nature and society, whether from the middle ages, the scientists of the 19th Century, or the rationalists of the mid-20th... This overview of many recent findings in a range of evolutionary research is potentially a game-changer." - Wendy James, University of Oxford

"Clearly and accessibly written... [this book] makes a valuable contribution to current bridge-building efforts across two unfortunate divisions within anthropology: that between UK and US scholarly traditions, and that between bio-evolutionary and sociocultural models." - Hillary Callan, Director Emerita, Royal Anthropological Institute

2019 | ISBN: 1789200075 | ID - 421

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SC - 601 | How Real Is Race?: A Sourcebook on Race, Culture, and Biology

How Real Is Race?: A Sourcebook on Race, Culture, and Biology by Carol C. Mukhopadhyay (Author), Rosemary Henze (Author), Yolanda T. Moses (Author)

The authors systematically cover the myth of race as biology and the reality of race as a cultural invention, drawing on biocultural and cross-cultural perspectives.

How real is race? What is biological fact, what is fiction, and where does culture enter? What do we mean by a "colorblind" or "postracial" society, or when we say that race is a "social construction"?

If race is an invention, can we eliminate it? This book, now in its second edition, employs an activity-oriented approach to address these questions and engage readers in unraveling-and rethinking-the contradictory messages we so often hear about race. The authors systematically cover the myth of race as biology and the reality of race as a cultural invention, drawing on biocultural and cross-cultural perspectives. They then extend the discussion to hot-button issues that arise in tandem with the concept of race, such as educational inequalities; slurs and racialized labels; and interracial relationships. In so doing, they shed light on the intricate, dynamic interplay among race, culture, and biology.

2014 | ISBN: 0759122725 | ID: SC - 601

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SC - 648 | Urban Galapagos: Transition to Sustainability

Urban Galapagos: Transition to Sustainability in Complex Adaptive Systems (Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands) by Thomas Kvan (Editor), Justyna Karakiewicz (Editor)

This book addresses the future of urbanisation on the Galapagos Islands from a systems, governance and design perspective with the competing parameters of liveability, economic and ecological, using the Galapagos as a laboratory for the theoretical and postulative understanding of evolving settlement and habitation.

The Galapagos islands are one of the world's most examined and reported examples of a series of naturally evolving ecosystems. The biodiversity of these island ecosystems are the focus of tourism and the image across the world yet human settlement are part of the local ecology. While human intervention is limited, the islands are a distinctive context in which to consider the impact of human habitation as a part of our ecosystems. In this book, authors take the framework of complex adaptive systems (CAS) in which to model systems that grow and evolve, the relations between these various sectors change; systems that get more complex as they evolve. Tested and applied discretely in the two realms of natural and urban, for the first time this text will bring the two together in understanding options for the future of urban settlements on the Galapagos Islands and, by extension, consider how the approach can be used globally in other contexts.

2019 | ISBN-10: 3319995332 | ID: SC - 648

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SC - 809 | Elements of Ethics for Physical Scientists

Elements of Ethics for Physical Scientists (The MIT Press) by Sandra C. Greer (Author)

A guide to the everyday decisions about right and wrong faced by physical scientists and research engineers.
This book offers the first comprehensive guide to ethics for physical scientists and engineers who conduct research.

Written by a distinguished professor of chemistry and chemical engineering, the book focuses on the everyday decisions about right and wrong faced by scientists as they do research, interact with other people, and work within society. The goal is to nurture readers' ethical intelligence so that they know an ethical issue when they see one, and to give them a way to think about ethical problems.

After introductions to the philosophy of ethics and the philosophy of science, the book discusses research integrity, with a unique emphasis on how scientists make mistakes and how they can avoid them. It goes on to cover personal interactions among scientists, including authorship, collaborators, predecessors, reviewers, grantees, mentors, and whistle-blowers. It considers underrepresented groups in science as an ethical issue that matters not only to those groups but also to the development of science, and it examines human participants and animal subjects. Finally, the book examines scientifically relevant social issues, including public policy, weapons research, conflicts of interest, and intellectual property.

Each chapter ends with discussion questions and case studies to encourage debate and further exploration of topics. The book can be used in classes and seminars in research ethics and will be an essential reference for scientists in academia, government, and industry.

2017 | ISBN: 0262036886 | ID: SC - 809

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SC - 933 | Our Common Cosmos: Exploring the Future of Theology, Human Culture and Space Sciences

This volume collects an international body of voices, as a timely response to a rapidly advancing field of the natural sciences. The contributors explore how the disciplines of theology, earth and space sciences contribute to the debate on constantly expanding ethical challenges, and the prospect of humanity's future.

The discussions offered in this volume see the 'community' as central to a sustainable and ethical approach to earth and space sciences, examining the role of theology in this communal approach, but also recognizing theology itself as part of a community of humanity disciplines. Examining the necessity for interaction between disciplines, this collection draws on voices from biodiversity studies, geology, aesthetics, literature, astrophysics, and others, to illustrate precisely why a constructive and sustainable dialogue is needed within the current scientific climate.

2018 | ISBN: 0567680169 | ID: SC - 933

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SC - 1059 | Evolutionary Games with Sociophysics

Evolutionary Games with Sociophysics: Analysis of Traffic Flow and Epidemics (Evolutionary Economics and Social Complexity Science Book 17) by Jun Tanimoto (Author)

Recent applications of evolutionary game theory in the merging fields of the mathematical and social sciences are brilliantly portrayed in this book, which highlights social physics and shows how the approach can help to quantitatively model complex human-environmental-social systems.

First, readers are introduced to the fundamentals of evolutionary game theory. The two-player, two-strategy game, or the 2 x 2 game, is presented as an archetype to help understand the difficulty of cooperating for survival against defection in common social contexts.
Subsequently, the book explains the theoretical background of the multi-player, two-strategy game, which may be more widely applicable than the 2 x 2 game for social dilemmas. The latest applications of 2 x 2 games are also discussed to explore how integrated reciprocity mechanisms can solve social dilemmas.

In turn, the book describes two practical areas in which evolutionary game theory has been applied.

The first concerns traffic flow analysis. In conventional interpretations, traffic flow can be understood by means of fluid dynamics, in which the flow of vehicles is evaluated as a continuum body. Such a simple idea, however, does not work well in reality, particularly if a driver's decision-making process is considered. Various dilemmas involve complex structures that depend primarily on traffic density, a revelation that should help establish a practical solution for reducing traffic congestion. S
econd, the book provides keen insights into how powerful evolutionary game theory can be in the context of epidemiology. Both approaches, quasi-analytical and multi-agent simulation, can clarify how an infectious disease such as seasonal influenza spreads across a complex social network, which is significantly affected by the public attitude toward vaccination.
A methodology is proposed for the optimum design of a public vaccination policy incorporating subsidies to efficiently increase vaccination coverage while minimizing the social cost.

2018 | ISBN 978-981-13-2768-1 | ISBN 978-981-13-2769-8 | ID: SC - 1059

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SC - 1155 | Memory in a Social Context: Brain, Mind, and Society

Memory in a Social Context: Brain, Mind, and Society 1st ed. 2017 Edition by Takashi Tsukiura, Satoshi Umeda

This book explores new points of view of human memory in the link among mind, brain, and society. Research of human memory traditionally has been in the field of experimental psychology, and a number of psychological researchers have come upon important findings regarding human memory. They have provided critical theories to explain human memory processes, but this approach is hitting a brick wall.

The experimental psychological approach or laboratory-based approach to human memory functions is examined in a very controlled environment, but the evidence obtained from this approach may not necessarily reflect real-life events in our mind. In addition, findings from experimental psychology have often ignored the link with biological structures, or the brain. One solution is a cognitive neuroscience approach, in which functional neuroimaging techniques have enabled us to view how memory processes are represented in the brain.

In addition, the new approach extends the traditional concept of human memory into a wider framework by reconsidering memory functions in a social context. These advanced approaches help us to understand how “social memory” is represented in the human brain and is processed in real-life situations.

The work reported in this volume is at the forefront of cognitive neuroscience in the research of human memory in a social context and the potential application of memory research. This book will help to motivate young scientists and graduate and undergraduate students in psychology and neuroscience.

2017 | ISBN 978-4-431-56589-5 | ISBN 978-4-431-56591-8 | ID: SC - 1155

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SC - 1179 | Sleep and Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Sleep and Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder 1st ed. 2018 Edition by Eric Vermetten (Editor), Anne Germain (Editor), Thomas C. Neylan (Editor)

There are few clinical problems in the sleep medicine field that are more challenging than the sleep difficulties experienced by individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

This book offers a unique, complete resource addressing all the basic concepts and clinical applications in sleep medicine in settings where combat-related PTSD is commonplace.

Authored by leading international experts in the field of sleep/military medicine, Sleep and Combat-Related Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is organized in six sections and provides a broad perspective of the field, from the established theories to the most recent developments in research, including the latest neuroscientific perspectives surrounding sleep and PTSD.

The result is a full assessment of sleep in relation to combat-related PTSD and a gold standard volume that is the first of its kind. This comprehensive title will be of great interest to a wide range of clinicians -- from academics and clinicians working within or in partnership with the military health care system to veteran hospital physicians and all health personnel who work with war veterans.

2018 | ISBN 978-1-4939-7146-6 | ISBN 978-1-4939-7148-0 | ID: SC - 1179

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